مبانی اقتصاد

A successful engineer in this modern age of national and international competition needs more than a knowledge and full understanding of the fundamental science and the related engineering concepts of material, equipment, and computer technology. The engineer must also have the ability to apply this knowledge to practical situations to initiate and develop new or improved processes and products that will be beneficial to society. However, in achieving this goal, the engineer must recognize the economic, environmental, and ethical implications that are involved in such developments and proceed accordingly. Engineering design of new material or process and the expansion or revision of existing ones require the use of engineering principles and theories combined with a practical realization of the limits imposed by environmental, safety, and health concerns. Development of a new process or plant from concept evaluation to profitable reality often is a very complex operation. It is important to keep in mind that process design problems are open-ended and thus may have many solutions that are profitable even when not entirely optimal yet meet the design constraints noted above.